Sore nipples during breastfeeding is something many women experience, especially in the beginning, and it can quickly discourage you, even though you are doing your best. The good news is that pain is often related to specific things that can be adjusted: the baby's latching technique, your breastfeeding position, or how the nipples are allowed to heal between feeds. Here's a practical, step-by-step guide to alleviate discomfort and know when to seek help.

The most common reason is that the baby is not latching deeply enough to the breast. When the baby only sucks on the nipple itself, there is more friction and pressure, which can cause redness, soreness, and cracks.

Other common causes can be:

• Inappropriate breastfeeding position, where the baby's head is not well supported, or the body is not facing you.
• Engorged or overfull breasts, which can make it harder for the baby to get a deep latch.
• Irritation from moisture (nursing pads not changed often enough) or from frequent washing/soap.
• Possible infection (e.g., thrush or bacteria), especially if the pain is persistent, worsens, or if there are clear sores, shiny skin, burning pain, or other symptoms.

Small adjustments can make a big difference. The goal is for the baby to take a large mouthful of breast, not just the nipple.

• Keep the baby close to you, tummy-to-tummy.
• Ensure the nose is level with the nipple, so the baby automatically lifts their chin and opens wide.
• Wait for a wide gape, and quickly bring the baby to the breast (not the breast to the baby).
• The baby's chin should touch the breast, and the lips should typically be "flanged" outwards.

If it hurts throughout the entire feeding, it's a sign that the latch or position likely needs to be adjusted. It's a good idea to have a health visitor or lactation consultant take a look if you're unsure.

When nipples are irritated, care mainly involves reducing friction and allowing the skin to rest.

• Air-dry nipples after feeding, if you can.
• Change nursing pads often if they become damp.
• Avoid unnecessary soap on the nipple, as it can dry out the skin.
• If possible, start feeding on the least sore breast first, as the baby often sucks most vigorously at the beginning.

If you have cracks, it can be especially important to have the baby's latch assessed so the wound can heal.

Seek help from a health visitor, doctor, or lactation consultant if:

• The pain is severe or does not improve after adjusting the latch/position.
• You develop a fever, flu-like symptoms, or an area on the breast becomes red, warm, and hard.
• There are sores that won't heal, or a suspicion of infection (e.g., burning pain, shiny/red skin, pain between feedings).
• Breastfeeding becomes so painful that you start to avoid nursing.

You shouldn't feel like you have to "grin and bear it". Early help can often prevent the problem from escalating.

Prevention primarily involves creating a good environment for calm breastfeeding:

• Have your latching technique checked early, especially if you already have soreness.
• Vary breastfeeding positions so that the same spot on the nipple is not always stressed.
• Use soft, supportive materials so the breast is not exposed to extra pressure and friction.
• Avoid bras with underwires, as they can press and potentially irritate breast tissue and milk ducts.

If you want to make everyday life gentler, soft and breathable aids can be relevant:

• Nursing pads, which help keep the skin dry and reduce irritation.
• A supportive nursing bra without underwire, which can relieve pressure and provide comfort between feedings, e.g., Gel-Support Maternity Nursing Bra.
• For nighttime, a soft sleeping bra can make it more comfortable to support the breast without unnecessary pressure, e.g., Sleeping Nursing Bra.

If you are unsure about size or fit, it may be beneficial to use a size guide and choose something that feels light and does not constrict.